AI crawlers, and what blocking each one costs you

19 robots.txt tokens across 13 operators — one of which, xAI, publishes no token at all — with the consequence of blocking each one spelled out. This is the same registry our scanner reads, so nothing here is a summary of a summary. It is what the tool believes about your site, published.

Three things almost everyone has backwards. Blocking GPTBot does not hide you from ChatGPT’s answers — OAI-SearchBot does, and that is the block worth checking for today. Blocking Google-Extended does not remove you from AI Overviews. And no robots.txt rule reaches Grok at all, whatever a directory told you.

The pattern behind all three: most operators run two crawlers, one that trains and one that finds. They are usually named similarly enough to be copied into a robots.txt interchangeably, and blocking the wrong one is silent. Nothing emails you when your site leaves an AI assistant’s index.

ChatGPT Search

TokenOperatorWhat it doesObeys robots.txt
OAI-SearchBotOpenAISearch & citationsYes, per its operator's docs
ChatGPT-UserOpenAIFetches when a user asksMay bypass, per its operator's docs

Claude

TokenOperatorWhat it doesObeys robots.txt
Claude-SearchBotAnthropicSearch & citationsYes, per its operator's docs
Claude-UserAnthropicFetches when a user asksYes, per its operator's docs

Perplexity

TokenOperatorWhat it doesObeys robots.txt
PerplexityBotPerplexitySearch & citationsGenerally — with caveats
Perplexity-UserPerplexityFetches when a user asksMay bypass, per its operator's docs

Google AI (AI Overviews / Gemini)

TokenOperatorWhat it doesObeys robots.txt
Google-ExtendedGoogleModel trainingYes, per its operator's docs
GooglebotGoogleReferenceYes, per its operator's docs

Other AI assistants

TokenOperatorWhat it doesObeys robots.txt
ApplebotAppleSearch & trainingYes, per its operator's docs
DuckAssistBotDuckDuckGoSearch & citationsYes, per its operator's docs
BingbotMicrosoftReferenceYes, per its operator's docs

AI model training

TokenOperatorWhat it doesObeys robots.txt
GPTBotOpenAIModel trainingYes, per its operator's docs
ClaudeBotAnthropicModel trainingYes, per its operator's docs
Applebot-ExtendedAppleModel trainingYes, per its operator's docs
meta-externalagentMetaModel trainingYes, per its operator's docs
AmazonbotAmazonSearch & trainingYes, per its operator's docs
BytespiderByteDanceModel trainingWidely reported not to
CCBotCommon CrawlOpen training corpusYes, per its operator's docs
MistralAI-TrainingMistralModel trainingYes, per its operator's docs

Grok (xAI) — no robots.txt control

xAI publishes no official crawler identity. Directory-listed tokens (GrokBot, xAI-Grok) have never been observed in real traffic; Grok fetches with spoofed browser user agents from datacenter IPs. No robots.txt rule can control it — anyone telling you otherwise is guessing.

Source: stackfox.co, a third-party field study. We re-check it quarterly — xAI may yet publish an official identity, and if it does this page changes.

What robots.txt cannot tell you

Every rule above is a declaration. Whether it is honoured is a separate question, and so is whether something in front of your server is blocking these crawlers regardless of what your file says. A CDN rule, a bot-management default or a WAF challenge will turn a crawler away while your robots.txt still reads like an open door — and robots.txt checkers cannot see that layer, because it only shows up when you actually make the request.

That is the check this site exists for. We fetch your homepage once as an ordinary browser and once per AI crawler user agent, and report where the two disagree. Here is exactly what we request from your server.

Scan your own site

Free, no sign-up, about ten seconds.

We request two things: your robots.txt and your homepage. No other pages, ever.

Provenance

Registry version 2026-08-13, last verified 13 August 2026. Every entry carries a source URL from the operator’s own documentation where one exists, and is re-verified quarterly. Where an operator publishes nothing — ByteDance, Meta’s IP ranges, xAI’s identity — we say so on the page rather than filling the gap with a guess.

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